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In some mushrooms, the shape of the fruit body is absolutely round. It looks like tennis balls are scattered on the grass. Bright representatives of round mushrooms are lead-gray flap, summer truffle and many types of raincoats (field, giant, common pseudo-raincoat). The fruit body of round mushrooms is most often white; at a young age, some of them are edible.

Mushroom fluttering with a round gray cap

Lead-gray flap (Bovista plumbea).

Family: Raincoats (Lycoperdaceae).

Season: June - September.

Growth: singly and in groups.

Description:

The fruit body is spherical, white, often dirty.

At the top, a small hole with a ragged edge opens through which spores spread.

The pulp is white at first, then grayish, odorless.

Ripening, the cap of a round mushroom (fruit body) becomes gray, dull, with a dense skin.

The mushroom is edible at a young age.

Ecology and distribution:

This mushroom with a round gray cap grows on poor sandy soil, in woodlands, on roadsides, in clearings and meadows.

Summer and autumn large mushrooms with round fruit bodies

Field raincoat (Vascellum pratense).

Family: Raincoats (Lycoperdaceae).

Season: summer autumn.

Growth: in small groups, rarely singly.

Description:

The fruiting body of this large mushroom is round, usually with a flattened apex. A transverse septum separates the spore-bearing spherical part from the leg-shaped part. Young fruiting bodies are white, then gradually turn light brown.

The pulp of the spore-bearing part is at first dense, white, then becomes soft, olive.

The base is slightly narrowed.

The mushroom is edible at a young age, as long as the pulp is white. When fried, it tastes like meat.

Ecology and distribution:

It grows on soil and humus in fields, meadows and glades.

Common pseudo-raincoat (Scleroderma citrinum).

Family: False raincoats (Sclerodermataceae).

Season: July - mid September.

Growth: singly and in groups.

Description:

The shell is hard, warty, ocher tones, reddens in places of contact.

The fruit body is tuberous or spherical-flattened

Sometimes there is a tapered process.

The flesh is light, very dense, whitish, sometimes with a spicy odor; with age, it quickly darkens to purple-black. The flesh of the lower part always remains white.

This autumn mushroom is inedible and in large quantities can cause gastrointestinal upset.

Ecology and distribution:

It grows in light deciduous forests, in young plantings, in sparse grasses, on bare sandy and clay soil, on roadsides, in glades.

Giant raincoat (Calvatia gigantea).

Family: Champignon (Agaricaceae).

Season: May - October.

Growth: singly and in groups.

Description:

The fruit body is spherical, at first white, turns yellow and turns brown as it ripens. The shell of the ripe mushroom is cracked and falls off.

As it ripens, the pulp turns yellow and gradually turns olive brown.

The pulp of a young mushroom is white.

This summer large round porcini mushroom is edible at a young age, when its flesh is firm, dense, and white. The best way to cook is to slice, bread and sauté in oil.

Ecology and distribution:

It grows on the edges of deciduous and mixed forests, in fields, meadows, steppes, in gardens and parks, in pastures. It is rare.

Summer truffle (Tuber aestivum).

Family: Truffle (Tuberaceae).

Season: summer - early autumn.

Growth: fruiting bodies are underground, usually lie at a shallow depth, old fungi sometimes appear above the surface

Description:

The fruit body is tuberous or round.

The surface is from brown-black to bluish-black, covered with black pyramidal warts.

The pulp is initially very dense, in older mushrooms it is looser, the color changes from whitish to brownish-yellow with age. The taste of the pulp is nutty, sweetish, a strong pleasant smell is compared to the smell of algae. Light veins in the pulp form a marble pattern.

This edible tuberous or round mushroom is considered a delicacy, but less prized than other true truffles.

Ecology and distribution:

Grows in mixed and deciduous forests in calcareous soils, usually under the roots of oak, beech, hornbeam, birch. It is very rare in coniferous forests. Yellowish flies swarm over the areas where truffles grow at sunset. Distributed in Central Europe, in Russia it is found on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus.

Detection: specially trained dogs are used to search for truffles.

Views:

Red truffle (Tuber rufum) distributed in Europe and North America; found in Siberia.

Winter truffle (Tuber brumale) common in France and Switzerland.

Black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) - the most valuable truffle. Most often found in France.

White truffle (Tuber magnatum) most common in northern Italy and neighboring regions of France.